org-mode captions not supported for EXAMPLE blocks?

Question

Please consider the following, self-contained .org file MVE, which I hope is self-explanatory:

#+OPTIONS: toc:nil

Figure [[captions-work-for-src-blocks]] shows that captions are correctly exported
for SRC blocks. The second figure, in an EXAMPLE block, does not receive an
exported caption. Furthermore, cross references to figure
[[captions-dont-work-for-example-blocks]] incorrectly resolve to figure
[[captions-work-for-src-blocks]].

-----
#+NAME: captions-work-for-src-blocks
#+CAPTION: Captions work for SRC blocks
#+BEGIN_SRC
  foo(bar) == baz(qux);
#+END_SRC
-----

-----
#+NAME: captions-dont-work-for-example-blocks
#+CAPTION: Captions don't work for EXAMPLE blocks
#+BEGIN_EXAMPLE
  foo(bar) == baz(qux);
#+END_EXAMPLE
-----

On org-latex-export-to-pdf, it produces the following output:

I'm using the following versions of the software:

: Emacs version: GNU Emacs 25.1.1 (x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0, NS appkit-1265.21 Version 10.9.5 (Build 13F1911))
:  of 2016-09-17
: org version: 9.0.7

I looked at the official org-mode documentation, but I could not find information relating to this issue.

Answer 1

By trial and error (and by digging into the suggestion by @Hatshepsut), I discovered that the following works:

#+begin_example
/usr/local/share/guile/site/2.2$ tree math/
math/
`-- bessel.scm
#+end_example
#+latex: \caption{Directory structure for Guile extension module}

whereas the following does NOT work:

#+caption: Directory structure for Guile extension module
#+begin_example
/usr/local/share/guile/site/2.2$ tree math/
math/
`-- bessel.scm
#+end_example

For src blocks and for results output, I am currently using the following because #+caption does not work on #+RESULTS blocks, just as it does not work on #+begin_example (no idea whether this pattern is optimal):

#+caption: How to find out where Guile expects to find extension modules
#+begin_src scheme :exports both
(%site-dir)
#+end_src

#+RESULTS:
: /usr/local/share/guile/site/2.2
#+latex: \caption{This is the answer that Guile gives, live in org-babel}

Iirc, there is some mention of captioning #+RESULTS blocks somewhere in the org-mode manual. I have not been able to find it a second time. The following link is a bit vague:

https://orgmode.org/manual/Captions.html

In no cases have I yet tried org-mode name, nor LaTeX label and ref.