There are various ways to categorize/organize files, including image files.
One simple way is using directories/folders as categories. Aside from using symlinks or hard links, this is a tree or forest organization. And even with links it's pretty hardwired.
Another way is to tag files. Tags can typically be pretty arbitrary, so tags let you organize categories as sets - arbitrarily overlapping, nesting, whatever.
If you use Bookmark+ then you can tag files without necessarily visiting them.
Autofile bookmarks are named by their destination file name (nondirectory part). You can have multiple autofile bookmarks with the same name, to bookmark files with the same name but in different directories.
Bookmark+ tags can be arbitrary strings (including space chars, newline chars, whatever). Tags can even be key-value pairs; that is, you can associate any Lisp value with the name of a tag.
You can group (organize) bookmarks (e.g. some tagged image autofiles) in several ways, besides by tag combinations. You can show listings of just some set of bookmarks; you can have multiple bookmark files, for different purposes, ... And you can bookmark any such groupings, so you just jump to a bookmark to use a given group.